Medicinal plants

DHATAKI Botanical Name: Woodfordia fruticosa. Family: Lythraceae, Classical Categorization: Charaka Samhita : पुरीषसंग्रहणीय, मूत्रविरंंजनीय, संधानीय महाकषाय । Sushruta Samhita: प्रियंग्वादि, अम्बष्ठादि गण। Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : हरितक्यादि वर्ग। Synonyms :  लैटिन-वुडफोर्डिया फ्रुटिकोजा (Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz.) संस्कृत-धातकी, धातुपुष्पी ( रक्तवर्ण पुष्पवाली ); वह्निज्वाला (पुष्प रक्तवर्ण आग की लपट के सदृश ); हिन्दी-धाय; पंजाबी-धावा; बांग्ला-धाई; मराठी-धालस; गुजराती-धावड़ी तामिल-धाथरी जर्गी; तेलगु-सिरिंजी; फ़ारसी-धावा; अंग्रेज़ी -फायर फ्लेम बुश (Fire fame bush ). External morphology : It is branched deciduous shrub, attaining a height of 3-7m with many long arching branches and reddish brown bark. Leaves simple opposite, entire, ovate-lanceohte, acute, subcoriaceous with black glandular dots on the upper surface. Flowers-numerous, brilliant red in dense, axillary paniculate cymose clusters. Fruits ellipsoid irregularly dehiscent capsules. Seeds-obovoid smooth, brown in colour. Habitat: Throughout India. Chemical composition: Flowers-hecogenin, inositol, kaempferol-3-glucoside, naringenin-7-glucoside, tannins (pyrogallol and hydrolysable types) woodferdins A,B,C, lawsone, betulin etc. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Kashaya Guna: Laghu, ruksha Virya : Sheets Vipaka : Katu Dosha Karma : Kapha-pittahara Indications: Trishana, Atisara, Raktapitta. Part Used : Flower Doses : Churana 3-6 gms Aamika Prayoga: 1. Shweta pradara : Dhataki churana is used with madhu. 2.Pittaja abhishayanda : Swarasa of Dhataki and chandana are mixed with breast milk of lactating mother and applied as anjana. 3. Atisara : Dhataki pushpa churana is given with madhu. 4. Vrana: Kwatha of dhataki pushpa is used as Prakshalana. Yoga : 1. Brehat gangadhara churana 2. Dhatkyaadi churana 3. Pushyanug churna 4. Arvindasava

 DEVDARU Botanical Name: Cedrus deodara. Family: Coniferae. Cedrus, means wood having aromalike cedar. Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita : स्तन्यशोधन महाकषाय, अनुवासनोपग महाकषाय , कटुकस्कन्ध। Sushruta Samhita : वातसंशमन। Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : कर्पूरादि गण। Synonyms : 1. Peetadaru 2. Peetadru 3. Bhedradaru 4. Drukilim 5. Putikashtha 6. Daru 7. Suradaru 8. Shakrapadapa Latin-सेड्रस देवदारु ( Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) संस्कृत-देवदारु ( देवताओं के प्रदेश-हिमाचल-में होने वाली लकड़ी), भद्रदारु ( श्रेष्ठ वृक्ष ), सुरभूरुह ( देवभूमि में होने वाला वृक्ष ), हिन्दी -देवदार, मराठी, गुजराती -देवदार पंजाबी -दियार; कश्मीर- दीवदार; बांग्ला -देवदारु; तामिल-देवदारु; तेलगु-देवदारी; अंग्रेज़ी -देवदार (Deodar ) External morphology : It is a large evergreen tree, Not whorled, tips of the branches usually drooping. Bark-dark, rough on old stems, sometimes furrowed Shoots dimorphic, Leaves 2.5-4 cm long needle like, sharp pointed. Flowers-usually monoecious, Male catkins are solitary at the end of branchlets. Fruit-cone like, erect 10-12.5 cm long, 7.5-10 cm wide. Seeds-7.5-15mm long, pale brown, wing longer than seeds. Habitat: Grows in Himalayan region. Chemical composition : Heart wood contains essential oils like P-methyl acetophenone, atlantone, two new sesquiterpenes designated as Alpha and Beta himachalene, himachal, cedrinoside, taxifolin and cedrus in plant contain allohimachalol, deodarone, Alpha cedrol, Alpha humulene. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Tikta, Katu, Kashaya. Guna: Snigdha, Laghu. Virya : Ushna. Vipaka : Katu. Dosha Karma : Vata Kaphahara. Indications: Vibandha, Adhamana, Shotha, Premeha, Jawara, Kasa, Kandu, Shwasa. Part Used : Heart wood. Doses : Churana 1-3 gms. Taila 20-40 drops. Aamika Prayoga: 1. Vata vikara : Kalka of Devadaru and shunthi is useful. 2. Slipada : External application of Bhadradaru and chitraka is useful. Yoga : 1. Devadarurishta 2. Devadaruvyadi chura 3. Devadaruvyadi kalka 4. Devadaruvyadi kashaya 5. Devdarubaladi churana 6. Devdarubaladi Taila

ERANDA Botanical Name: Ricinus communis. Family: Euphorbiaceae Ricinus, means little tick communis, means common Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita : भेदनीय, अंगमर्द प्रशमन, स्वेदोपग महाकषाय। Sushruta Samhita: विदारीगन्धादि गण, अधोभागहर, वातसंशमन। Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : गुडूच्यादि वर्ग। Synonyms : 1. Shuklaeranada 2. Aamanda 3. Chitra 4.Gandharvahasta 5. Panchangula 6. Hastaparnaka लैटिन-रिसिनस कॉम्युनिस ( Ricinus communis Linn. ), संस्कृत-एरण्ड ( आसमन्तात् ईरयति अंगानि-वायु का शमन करने से स्तब्धता को दूर कर अंगों को गतिशील बनाने वाला); गन्धर्व हस्त ( गन्धर्वों के हाथ के समान पत्र वाला ); पंचांग ( पाँच अंगुलियों से युक्त पत्र वाला); वर्धमान ( शीघ्र बढ़ने वाला गुल्म); उत्तानपत्रक ( फैले हुये पत्र होने के कारण ); व्याघ्रपुच्छ ( व्याघ्रपुच्छ के समान पुष्पमञ्जरी होने से ); उरुबूक ( उरुं महान्तं वायुं वायति शोषयति-प्रकुपित वात को शांत करने वाला); व्यडम्बक ( व्यडं मलमम्बयति संसयति-जो मल का शोधन करे ); हिन्दी-रेड़ी, अंडी; बांग्ला-भेरेंडा; मराठी-एरंडी; गुजराती-एरंडो, दिवेलिगो तामिल-अमनवक्कु, कोट्टईमुथु; तेलगु-अमुडमुचेट्टु; कन्नड़-हरलु, मलयालम-उनक्कु; अरबी-खिर्वा; फ़ारसी-बेद अंजीर External morphology: It is a tall glabrous annual shrub. Stem -erect, herbaceous above and woody below, cylindrically branched, solid. Leaf -alternate, broad, Palmately lobed and veined, lobes usually 7-8, simple, serrate, acute, gland-dotted.green or reddish, petiolate with multicostate reticulate venation. Habitat: It is cultivated throughout India. Chemical composition : Seeds and leaves have ricinine, 1-methyl-3-cyano-4 methoxy-2-pyridone. Seed coat-lupeol, lipids, phosphate. Seed oil-arachidic, ricinole, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hexa decanoic, hydrocyanic acid, uric acids. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Madhura, Katu, Kashaya. Guna : Guru, snigdha, Tikshana. Veerya : Ushana. Vipaka : Madhura. Dosha Karma : Kapha vata shamaka. Indications: Shwasa, kasa, kampa, Arsas, Pandu. Part Used : Root and seeds. Doses :  Mula kwatha 50-100ml Mula kalka 3-6 gms. Patra kalka 10-20ml Taila 20-40ml Bija Churana 3-6 gms. Aamika Prayoga : 1. Aamvatta : Eranda Taila pana. 2. Vibhanda : Eranda Taila with triphala kwatha can induce purgation. 3. Arsha : Kwatha of vasa leaves, arka, eranda and bilwa is beneficial in arsha. Yoga : 1. Eranda Taila 2. Eranda saptaka kwatha 3. Erandaadi kwatha 4. Eranda kshara  

DADIMA Botanical Name : Punica granatum. Family: Punicaceae. Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita : हृद्य, छर्दि निग्रहण, श्रमहर महाकषाय Sushruta Samhita : परुषकादि गण Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : आम्रादि फलवर्ग Synonyms :  लैटिन -प्यूनिका ग्रेनाइट (Punica granatum Linn.); संस्कृत -दाडिम, दन्तबीज ( दांत के सदृश बीज वाला ), लोहितपुष्पक ( रक्तपुष्प वाला); हिन्दी- अनार, बांग्ला-टालिम, मराठी-डाळिंब, गुजराती-दाड़म, तामिल- मदुलाई तेलगु-दानिम्मा कश्मीरी-डाळिंब, मलयालम-मातलम्, फ़ारसी- अनार, अरबी-रूम्मान, अंग्रेज़ी- Pomegranate External morphology : It is glabrous shrub or small tree with dark grey bark. Branches sometimes spinescent. Leaves-opposite or subopposite, oblong obovate, narrowed to the short petiole. Flowers-Terminal or axillary, solitary, large showy, scarlet or orange red coloured . Fruits - globose, crowned by somewhat tubular limb of the calyx, with a thick coriaceous reddish brown rind, pulp red and juicy sometimes white. Seeds-angular. Varieties : According to Dhanwantari nighantu Madhura and Amla 2 varieties . According to Kaideva nighantu and Bhavaprakasha nighantu 3 varities viz, Madhura, Amla, Swaduamk. Habitat: Cultivated throughout India, wild in the north west region. A native of Afghanistan, Balochistan and Iran. Chemical composition : Fruit peel-tannins, viz, punicalin, punicaligin ete. Seeds-estrone, punicic acid Stem-malvidin pentose glucosides, tannins ursolic acid etc. Rasapanchaka :                       मधुर जाति            अम्ल जाति Rasa      Madhura             Madhura, Amla Guna      Laghu, Snigdha        Laghu Virya       Ushana                     Ushana Vipaka     Madhura                   Amla Doshas Karma : Tridosha Hara. Indications : Trishana, Daha, Jwara, Arsha. Part Used: Phala, Phala twaka, Mula twaka. Doses: Chorana 3-6 gms, Phala rasa-25-50 ml, Twaka kwatha 50-100ml Aamika Prayoga: 1.Arsha : Ghee prepared with dadima swarasa and yava kshara will check bleeding in arshas. 2. Puyameha : Fruit rind of dadima is made as infusion and administered with sugar orally. 3. Atisara : Kwatha of fruit rind is given as it is grahi. 4. Trishana: Dadima beeja, jeeraka, Nagakesara are mixed with madhu and given, especially in childs. 5. Krimi : Kwatha prepared with bark and is given…

ELA SUKSHMA ELA : Botanical Name : Elettaria cardamomum Family: Zingiberaceae Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita :  श्वासहर, अंगमर्द प्रशमन, शिरोविरेचनीय महाकषाय, कटु स्कन्द। Sushruta Samhita : एलादि गण। Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : एलादि गण, त्रिजातक। Synonyms : 1. Upakunchika 2. Tutha 3. Korangi 4. Dravidi 5. Truti 6. Bahulagandha 7. Bahula 8. Triputa 9. Nishakuti External Morphology: It is a perennial herb, root stalk thick, leafy stem 6-10ft high. Leaves-linear, lanceolate, acuminate, subsessile, sheathing base. Flowers in panices and are many. Fruit-trilocular, subglobose capsuled with many fine vertical ribs. Seeds-15-20 per pod. Habitat: Found in western ghats wild and cultivated above 2500-4500ft. throughout India. जाति- फल की आकृति के अनुसार इसके दो भेद किये गये हैं : (1) Var. major The.—इसमें फल बड़े आते हैं । श्रीलंका की वन्य जाति इसके अन्तर्गत आती है। (2) Vas minor Watt.-इसमें फल छोटे आते हैं। भारत में उगाई जाने वाली जातियाँ इसी के अन्तर्गत आती है। भारतीय जाति मुख्यतः दो प्रकार की होती है : १-मालाबारी इलायची २-मैसूरी इलायची। मलाबारी इलायची का पौधा अपेक्षाकृत छोटा, पत्तियाँ छोटी, पुष्प मंजरी भूमिशायी, फल मोलाकार या अण्डाकार होता है। मसूरी इलायची का पौधा बड़ा, १७ फीट तक ऊँचा, पत्तियां बड़ी, पुष्प मंजरी उत्थित तथा फल मूलकाकार, त्रिकोणीय और पशु के होते हैं। व्यापार में भी दो प्रकार की इलायची चलती है : १. कुर्ग-मसूर, २. टूरिकोरिन । पहली कुर्ग-मैसूर में होने वाली मलाबारी इलायची है और दूसरी तामिलनाडु के दक्षिणी क्षेत्र तथा ट्रावनकोर-कोचीन में होने वाली मसूरी इलायची है। Chemical composition: Borneol, camphene, p-cymene, geraniol, heptanes, linalool , D- limonene, menthone, myrcene, nerol, n-alkones, Alpha and Beta pinones, camphor, ascaridol, citral, sitosterol. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Katu, Madhura Guna : Laghu Virya : Sheeta Vipaka : Madhura Dosha Karma : Vatashamaka Indications : Shavasa, Kasa, Arsha, Mutra vikara. Part Used: Seeds, Oil Doses: 0.5-1 gms Aamika Prayoga: 1. Hridroga-Sukshama ela and Pippali moola are taken with honey. 2. Mutrakricha-Ela is given with Dadhimantha. 3. Mutra roga - Ela can be given with Amalaki swarasa. 4. Pravahika-Ela churana can be given with butter. Yoga : 1. Elaadi churana 2. Elaadi gutika 3. Elaadi modaka

CHANDANA Botanical Name : Santalum album. Family: Santalaceae. Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita: Dahaprashmana Mahakashaya, Angamarda Prashmana Mahakashaya, Trishna Nigrahana Mahakashaya, Varnya Mahakashaya, Kanduhana Mahakashaya, Vishahana Mahakashaya. Sushruta Samhita: Salsaraadi Gana, Patolaadi Gana, Sarivaadi Gana, Priyangwaadi Gana, Guduchyaadi Gana. Bhavaprakash Nighantu : Karpuraadi varga. Synonyms : 1. Gandharajam 2. Gandhasaara 3. Chandradrutti 4.Tilaparnakam 5. Bhadrashree 6. Malyaja 7. Shishiram 8. Shrikhandam 9. Sarpawasaam Latin-सैण्टलम ऐलबम ( Santalum album Linn. ); संस्कृत-चन्दन, श्रीखण्ड, गन्धसार; मलयज, हिन्दी-सफेद चंदन; गुजराती- सुखड; तामिल-सन्दनम्; तेलगु-चन्दनम्; मल-चन्दनम्; कन्नड़-श्रीगन्ध) अरबी -संदले अब्यज; फ़ारसी-संदले सफेद, अंग्रेज़ी -सैण्डल वुड ( Sandal wood )। Habitat: It Grows in western ghats and mainly in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil nadu. External Morphology: It is a small evergreen glabrous tree with slender drooping branches. Bark-Dark grey or nearly black to reddish. Sap wood-Unscented or whitish yellow. Heart wood-yellowish-brown, strongly scented. Leaves-Elliptic, Lanceolate, Subarute, Glabrous, Entire, Thin, Base acute. Petiole-Slender . Flowers - brownish- purple, inodourous, in terminal and axillary panicles. Fruit-Drupe, Purple-black, globose. Endosperm-hard, ribbed Seeds-globose or ovoid. Varieties:   Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : 4 varieties: 1. Chandana 2.Rakta chandana 3. Kalika (Peeta chandana) 4. Chandana (Patranga)   Dhanwantari Nighantu :5 Varieties : 1.Chandana (Shveta chandana) 2. Rakta Chandana (Harichandana) 3.Kuchandana (Patraanga) 4. Kaliyaka 5. Barbareeka   Shodhala Nighantu : 8 Varieties : 1.Gosheersha (Shveta chandana) 2. Shri priya 3. Sambharaana 4. Kakubha 5. Barbereeka 6. Rakta Chandana 7. Pataang 8. Harichandana   Kaiyadeva Nighantu : 6 Verities : 1. Chandana 2. Rakta Chandana 3. Peeta Chandana 4. Kairaata chandana 5. Berber Chandana 6. Harichandana   Raja Nighantu : 1. Shveta Chandana 2. Rakta Chandana 3. Patenga 4. Kaliyaka 5. Berberoka 6. Harichandana Important Phytoconstituents : Sandal wood oil-Alpha Santalol, Beta Santene, Santalenes, Santenol, Teresantalol, 1-Santenone, Teresantalic acid , Alpha and Beta Santalic acids, etc. Other Parts: Santalic Acid, n-ocacosanol, Platimone etc. Rasapanchaka : Rasa: Tikta, Madhura Guna : Laghu, Ruksha Virya : Sheeta Vipaka : Katu Dosha karma : Kapha pitta shamaka Rogahanata : Dahahara, Jawarahara, Kushthahara, Visarpahara, Kanduhana, Trishana hana, Raktapitta hara. Amayika Prayoga: 1. Premeha: Shukrameha, decoction of Arjuna and Chandana is used. Manjisthameha, decoction of Manjistha and Chandana is used. 2. Charadi: Chandana is given with juice of Amalaki.…

 CHITRAKA Botanical Name : Plumbago zeylanica. Family: Plumbaginaceae. Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita: Deepaniya, Shoolaprashamana, Arshohana, Lekhaniya Mahakashaya. Sushruta Samhita : Pippalyaadi, Mustaadi, Amalakyaadi, Varunaadi, Aragwadhadi gana. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : Haritakyadi varga. Synonyms : 1. Analanama 2. Padhi 3. Vyaal 4. Ushaana 5. Daruna 6. Agnika 7. Deepaka 8. Padhina लैटिन-प्लम्बेगो जिलेनिका ( Plumbago zeylanica Linn.) संस्कृत-चित्रक, अग्नि (तीक्ष्ण, आग्नेय); हिन्दी - चीता; बांग्ला- चिता; मराठी-चित्र मूल गुजराती-चित्रो; तामिल -चित्तिर; तेलगु-तेलचित्र, अरबी-शीतरज; फ़ारसी-शीतरः; अंग्रेज़ी- लेडवर्ट ( Leadwort ) । External Morphology: It is a perineal herb, stem somewhat woody, spreading glabrous. Leaves-Thin, ovate, subacute, entire, glabrous, reticulately veined, petiole-short, Flowers in elongated spikes. Fruits-Capsule, oblong, pointed, pericarp, thin below, thick and hardened above. Habitat: It grows throughout in hotter parts of India. Chemical composition : Chitranone, Plumbagin, 3-Chloro Plumbagin, drosorone, Elliptinone, Isozeylinone, Iso zeylon-one, Zeylanone, Zeylinone, Maritone, Plumbagic acid, Dihydrogesterone, B-sitosterol etc. Rasa panchaka : Rasa : Katu Guna: Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshana Virya : Ushna Vipaka : Katu Dosha karma : Kapha vattahara Indications : Aama dosha, Kushtha, Krimi, Kasa, Jwara etc. Part Used: Root bark Dozes:  Choorana 1-2 gms, Kwatha 25-50 ml Aamika Prayoga : 1. Arsha: Chitraka and Shunthi are made as paste by mixing with Kanjika and applied locally. 2. Shukrameha : Chitraka kwatha is useful. 3. Shivitra: Chitraka and Trikatu are mixed with honey and cows urine should be kept in a jar coated with ghee for fortnight and taken orally. 4.Yakrita and Pleeha vridhi : Kshara of Chitraka is given with Takra. 5. Aama vatta : Oil prepared with chitraka is useful as an external application in Amavata and Sandhivata. Yoga: 1.Chitrakadi vatti 2. Chitraka haritaki 3. Chitrakadi choorana 4. Chitrakadi ghrita विषाक्त लक्षण- अधिक मात्रा में देने पर यह क्षोभक और मादक विष है। इससे गला, आमाशय और समस्त शरीर में दाह होता है, जी मिचलाता है, वमन और अतिसार होता है, मूत्रकृच्छू होता है; नाडी क्षीण और वक्र हो जाती है, त्वचा अवसन्न और शीतल हो जाती है। गर्भावस्था में देने से श्रोणिप्रदेश में स्थित अवयवों में दाह होता है और अतिसार होने लगता है। मूत्र बूंद-बूंद कर आने लगता है, गर्भाशय से रक्तस्राव होने लगता है और गर्भाशय का संकेत…

BHRUNGARAJA Botanical Name : Eclipta alba Family: Asteraceae Botanical synonym :  Eclipta prostrate Eclipta, means : Deficient alba, means : white Classical Categorization :  Charaka Samhita : Not mentioned Sushruta Samhita : Not mentioned Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : Guduchyaadi varga Synonyms: 1 Bhringraj 2 Bhiranga 3. Merkava 4. Angaaraka 5. Kesharaja 6. Kesharanjana 7. Bhringaaraka 8. Bhirangarenu 9. Pankajata 10. Mahina 11 Ravipriya 12. Suryavarta लैटिन -एक्लिप्टा ऐल्बा ( Eclipta alba Hassk. ) संस्कृत- भृंगराज (जिससे केश भौंरे के समान शोभायमान हो); मार्केट ( जो बालों की सफदी को दूर करे ); केशरञ्जन ( केश को रंगने वाला ); केशराज, हिन्दी-भांगरा, भंगरैया; पंजाबी-भंगरा; मराठी -माका; गुजराती -भांगरो;जलभांगरो; बांग्ला -केसुरिया तामिल- काइकेशी; तेलगु -गलगरा; अरबी -कदीमुलबित । External Morphology: It is an erect or prostrate much branched annual herb with rooted nodes. Roots well developed ,a number of secondary branches arise from main root, cylindrical and greyish in colour. Stems-are herbaceous, branched, occasionally rooting at nodes, cylindrical or atrough due to appressed white hairs, nodes distinct. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear, oblong, lanceolate, with apprised hairs on both sides. Flowers-white in heads. Habitat: Throughout India. Major chemical constituents : leaves : Alpha-terthienyl-methanol stigmasterol ,Beta-amyrin , desmethyl wedelolactone glucoside Amino Acids-cysteine, glutamic  acid ,Phenylalanine, tyrosine and methionine. Whole plant: Phytosterol-A, Beta-amyrine, Wedelolactone, Triterpenic acid, desmethyl wedelolactone, fatty acids like palmatic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid, nicotine. Root: Hentriacontane, 14-hepaosanol, Stigmasterol. Varieties: Raja nighantu mentioned 3 varieties viz, shveta, Peeta, Krishana Neel. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Katu, Tikta. Guna: Laghu, Ruksha. Virya : Ushana. Vipaka : Katu. Dosha Karma: Kapha Vatta Para. Indications : Amadosha, shotha, kasa, Khalitya, Palitya, Kushtha, Krimi, Shwasa. Part Used: Panchanga. Doses : Swarasa-5-10ml Churana 3-6 gms. Aamika Prayoga: 1. Garba Sthapana : Cow milk with equal quantity of Bhringaraja Swarasa should be given to Garbhavati. 2.Shivira : Bhringaraja fried in oil in iron vessel is consumed, after this milk boiled with beejaka shall be given as Anupana. 3. Naktandhayata : Matsaayanda boiled in bhringaraja swarasa when consumed for a period of seven days will cure night blindness. 4. Rasayana : Swarasa should be taken along with ksheera for one month. Yoga : 1. Neeli Bhringaraja taila 2. Bhringaraja…

 BHALLATAKA Botanical Name: Semecarpus anacardium. Family: Anacardiaceae. Classical Categorization : Charaka Samhita : Deepaniya, Bhedniya, Kushthahana, Mutrasangrahaniya Mahakashaya Sushruta Samhita : Nayograodhaadi, Mustaadi gana. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : Haritakyadi varga Synonyms : 1. Arushaka 2. Arushakar 3. Agnika 4. Agnimukhi 5.Bheeli 6. Veeravriksha 7.Shofakrita 8. Krimihana 9. Tailabeeja 10. Dhanurbeeja 11. Vatari 12. Bhutanashana 13. Bhedana 14. Ranjaka लैटिन - सेमीकार्पस एनाकार्डियम (Semecarpus anacardium Linn ), संस्कृत -भल्लातक ( भाले के समान तीक्ष्णगुणयुक्त ); अनुष्का ( स्पर्श से व्रण उत्पन्न करने वाला );अग्निक (अग्नि के समान उष्णवीर्य), शोफकृत् ( स्पर्श या धूम से शोथ उत्पन्न करने वाला ), अग्निमुख ( फल का भाग आग समान लाल रंग का होने से ), हिन्दी -भिलावा; बांग्ला- भेला; मराठी -बिम्बा: गुजराती - भिलामो; पंजाबी -भिलांवा; कश्मीरी -बिलावल; तामिल-सेनकोटुई; तेलगु -फिदिविटुलु; अरबी - हब्बुलकल्ब ( हृदयाकृति फल ); फारसी-बलादुर; अंग्रेज़ी - मार्किंग नट ( Marking nut ) धोबी लोग इसके फल से कपड़ों में निशान लगाते हैं इसलिए अंग्रेजी इसे मार्किंग  नट ( निशान लगाने वाली गुठली ) कहते हैं । External Morphology: It is a medium sized to large tree, 15-25 m. height, with grey bark exfoliating in small irregular flakes. Leaves simple, alternate, obovate-oblong, rounded at the apex, coriaceous, glabrous above and more or less pubescent beneath, main nerves 15-25 pairs. Flowers greenish white, fascicled in pubescent panicles. Fruits - drupe, obliquely ovoid or oblong, 2.5 cm long, black when ripe, seated on a fleshy receptacle which is yellow when ripe. Habitat: Through out india, in semi-evergreen and moist deciduous forests. Chemical composition : Nuts : bioflavonoids A,B and C, tetrahydro busta flavone, tertahydromentoflavone, nallaflavons etc. Nut shell : Anacardic acid, bhilawanols, gallu flavanone jeedi flavanone etc. Kernel oil: Linoleic, myristic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acids. Fruits: Nicotinic acid, riboflavin, thiamine and essential amino acids. Leaves : Amentoflavone. Rasapanchaka : Rasa : Katu, Tikta, Kashaya. Guna: Laghu, Tikshana, Snigdha. Virya : Ushna. Vipaka : Madhura. Dosha Karma : Kapha vata shamaka. Indications : Mutravikara, Shukravikara, javara, Aamavikara etc. Part Used : Phala. Doses: Kalka 3-5 gm, oil - 10-20 drops. 1.2 gm of the drug in kshreerapaka. Aamika Prayoga: 1. Kushtha and Arsha : Bhallataka is given along with Tia. 2.…

BHARANGI Botanical Name: Clerodendrum serratum. Family: Verbenaceae. Classical Categorization: charaka Samhita: Purishasangrahaniya Mahakashaya. Sushruta Samhita: Pippalyaadi gana. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu : Haritakyadi varga. Synonyms : 1. Bhregubhava 2. Padma. 3. Brahmanayashatika. 4.Mangaravalli. 5. Kharashaka. 6. Hanjeeka. 7.Surupa. 8. Varshabarbaraka. 9. Bharamarapriya. 10. Bhringaraja. 11. Kharapushapa. 12. Kasahani. 13. Yashika. 14. Vatari. 15. Angaraparni. 16. Bhangura. लैटिन -क्लेरोडेंड्रम सिरेटम (Clerodendrum serratum (Linn.) संस्कृत -भार्ङ्गी ; ब्राह्मण यषिका ( पतले शाखारहित काण्ड से युक्त ); खतरनाक ( रूक्ष पत्रयुक्त ); पुदो ( कमलवत् पुष्प होने से ); हिन्दी -भारङ्गी, बभनौटी; बांग्ला -वामुनहाटी; मराठी, गुजराती -भारङ्गी; तामिल-अंगार वल्ली; तेलगु, कश्मीरी -गडबरंगी; मलयालम -कंकभरनी External Morphology: It is a slightly woody shrub, with bluntly quadrangular stems and branches. Leaves-usually 3 at a node, sometimes opposite, oblong or ellip[tic, coarsely and sharply serrate. Flowers-many, blue in colour, conspicuous, arranged in dichotomous cymes. Fruits lobed, purple drupe, somewhat succulent with one pyrene in each lobe. Habitat: Throughout India. Chemical composition: Hispidulin, 7-o-glucuronides, scutellarein, uncinatone, Pectolinarigenin, Saponins etc. Rasapanchaka : Rasa: Tikta, Katu. Guna : Laghu, Ruksha. Virya : Ushana. Vipaka : Katu. Dosha karma : Kapha Vata shamaka. Indications : Aamadosha, Swedavikara, Vrana, Rakta Dosha, Gulma, Kasa, Shvasa, Jwara, Pinasa, Shotha. Part Used : Moola. Doses: Choorana 3-6 gms. Aamika Prayoga : 1. Vankshana vata : Bharangi root is collected in pushava nakshatra and pounded with tushodaka and given orally. 2.Shvasa : Bharangi and shunthi should be given with hot water. 3. Gandamala : Application of bharangi and kanjika over gandamala. 4. Pratishaya : It should be given with vacha and shunthi. Yoga : 1.Bharangiguda. 2. Bharangyaadi wataha. 3. Kankasava. 4. Dhanwantar ghrita. 5.Mahavatagajankusha rasa.